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Andask
Joined: 24 Apr 2009
Posts: 10
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| Problem with 877A and CCS. |
 Posted: Mon Oct 12, 2009 2:00 pm |
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First of all, sorry for my reaaally poor english... =/
I'm having some problems with software that I'm doing ...
I entered this little code for tests, when I simulate the Proteus and MPLAB, everything is ok, but when you step into the proto-board, the trouble starts.
This is my first program in C and I am using the CCS. The newest version, I picked up on the site. (Demo)
I'll post the code I'm using for the development.
The main, the "library" reading array of keys, and controlling the LCD.
I did not add any extra comment in the source, because it is extremely simple and I believe that comments are not necessary.
But any doubt about the purpose of code you might ask.
Monday when I get back to work, I will make a video of the protoboard when it is running.
| Code: |
#include <16f877a.h>
#use delay(clock=4000000)
#fuses XT,NOWDT,PUT,NOLVP,NOBROWNOUT,NOPROTECT
#include <mod_lcd.c>
#include <funcs.h>
int x;
void main ()
{
lcd_ini();
lcd_escreve('\f');
printf(lcd_escreve,"Teste");
while(true)
{
lcd_escreve('\f');
x = leitura(0);
printf(lcd_escreve,"%u",x);
delay_ms(500);
}
}
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| Code: |
/************************************************************************/
/* MOD_LCD.C - Biblioteca de manipulação de módulo LCD */
/* */
/* Autor: Fábio Pereira */
/* */
/************************************************************************/
// As definições a seguir são utilizadas para acesso aos pinos do display
// caso o pino RW não seja utilizado, comente a definição lcd_rw
#ifndef lcd_enable
#define lcd_enable pin_e1 // pino enable do LCD
#define lcd_rs pin_e0 // pino rs do LCD
//#define lcd_rw pin_e2 // pino rw do LCD
#define lcd_d4 pin_d4 // pino de dados d4 do LCD
#define lcd_d5 pin_d5 // pino de dados d5 do LCD
#define lcd_d6 pin_d6 // pino de dados d6 do LCD
#define lcd_d7 pin_d7 // pino de dados d7 do LCD
#endif
#define lcd_type 2 // 0=5x7, 1=5x10, 2=2 linhas
#define lcd_seg_lin 0x40 // Endereço da segunda linha na RAM do LCD
// a constante abaixo define a seqüência de inicialização do módulo LCD
byte CONST INI_LCD[4] = {0x20 | (lcd_type << 2), 0xf, 1, 6};
byte lcd_le_byte()
// lê um byte do LCD (somente com pino RW)
{
byte dado;
// configura os pinos de dados como entradas
input(lcd_d4);
input(lcd_d5);
input(lcd_d6);
input(lcd_d7);
// se o pino rw for utilizado, coloca em 1
#ifdef lcd_rw
output_high(lcd_rw);
#endif
output_high(lcd_enable); // habilita display
dado = 0; // zera a variável de leitura
// lê os quatro bits mais significativos
if (input(lcd_d7)) bit_set(dado,7);
if (input(lcd_d6)) bit_set(dado,6);
if (input(lcd_d5)) bit_set(dado,5);
if (input(lcd_d4)) bit_set(dado,4);
// dá um pulso na linha enable
output_low(lcd_enable);
output_high(lcd_enable);
// lê os quatro bits menos significativos
if (input(lcd_d7)) bit_set(dado,3);
if (input(lcd_d6)) bit_set(dado,2);
if (input(lcd_d5)) bit_set(dado,1);
if (input(lcd_d4)) bit_set(dado,0);
output_low(lcd_enable); // desabilita o display
return dado; // retorna o byte lido
}
void lcd_envia_nibble( byte dado )
// envia um dado de quatro bits para o display
{
// coloca os quatro bits nas saidas
output_bit(lcd_d4,bit_test(dado,0));
output_bit(lcd_d5,bit_test(dado,1));
output_bit(lcd_d6,bit_test(dado,2));
output_bit(lcd_d7,bit_test(dado,3));
// dá um pulso na linha enable
output_high(lcd_enable);
output_low(lcd_enable);
}
void lcd_envia_byte( boolean endereco, byte dado )
{
// coloca a linha rs em 0
output_low(lcd_rs);
// aguarda o display ficar desocupado
//while ( bit_test(lcd_le_byte(),7) ) ;
// configura a linha rs dependendo do modo selecionado
output_bit(lcd_rs,endereco);
delay_us(100); // aguarda 100 us
// caso a linha rw esteja definida, coloca em 0
#ifdef lcd_rw
output_low(lcd_rw);
#endif
// desativa linha enable
output_low(lcd_enable);
// envia a primeira parte do byte
lcd_envia_nibble(dado >> 4);
// envia a segunda parte do byte
lcd_envia_nibble(dado & 0x0f);
}
void lcd_ini()
// rotina de inicialização do display
{
byte conta;
output_low(lcd_d4);
output_low(lcd_d5);
output_low(lcd_d6);
output_low(lcd_d7);
output_low(lcd_rs);
//#ifdef lcd_rw
// output_high(lcd_rw);
//#endif
output_low(lcd_enable);
delay_ms(15);
// envia uma seqüência de 3 vezes 0x03
// e depois 0x02 para configurar o módulo
// para modo de 4 bits
for(conta=1;conta<=3;++conta)
{
lcd_envia_nibble(3);
delay_ms(5);
}
lcd_envia_nibble(2);
// envia string de inicialização do display
for(conta=0;conta<=3;++conta) lcd_envia_byte(0,INI_LCD[conta]);
}
void lcd_pos_xy( byte x, byte y)
{
byte endereco;
if(y!=1)
endereco = lcd_seg_lin;
else
endereco = 0;
endereco += x-1;
lcd_envia_byte(0,0x80|endereco);
}
void lcd_escreve( char c)
// envia caractere para o display
{
switch (c)
{
case '\f' : lcd_envia_byte(0,1);
delay_ms(2);
break;
case '\n' :
case '\r' : lcd_pos_xy(1,2);
break;
case '\b' : lcd_envia_byte(0,0x10);
break;
default : lcd_envia_byte(1,c);
break;
}
}
char lcd_le( byte x, byte y)
// le caractere do display
{
char valor;
// seleciona a posição do caractere
lcd_pos_xy(x,y);
// ativa rs
output_high(lcd_rs);
// lê o caractere
valor = lcd_le_byte();
// desativa rs
output_low(lcd_rs);
// retorna o valor do caractere
return valor;
}
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| Code: |
#define col1 pin_b3
#define col2 pin_b2
#define col3 pin_b1
#define lin1 pin_b4
#define lin2 pin_b5
#define lin3 pin_b6
#define lin4 pin_b7
int tecla_temp, tecla;
#SEPARATE
int leitura(int y)
{
output_low(col1);
output_low(col2);
output_low(col3);
tecla_temp = 0;
tecla = 0;
ler:
while(true)
{
//Testar coluna 1, valores 1, 4, 7, 254;
output_high(col1);
if (input(lin1))
{
while (input(lin1)) {}
tecla_temp = 1;
break;
} else
if (input(lin2))
{
while (input(lin2)) {}
tecla_temp = 4;
break;
} else
if (input(lin3))
{
while (input(lin3)) {}
tecla_temp = 7;
break;
} else
if (input(lin4))
{
while (input(lin4)) {}
tecla_temp = 254;
break;
}
output_low(col1);
//Testar coluna 2, valores 2, 5, 8, 0;
output_high(col2);
if (input(lin1))
{
while (input(lin1)) {}
tecla_temp = 2;
break;
} else
if (input(lin2))
{
while (input(lin2)) {}
tecla_temp = 5;
break;
} else
if (input(lin3))
{
while (input(lin3)) {}
tecla_temp = 8;
break;
} else
if (input(lin4))
{
while (input(lin4)) {}
tecla_temp = 0;
break;
}
output_low(col2);
//Testar coluna 3, valores 3, 6, 9, 255;
output_high(col3);
if (input(lin1))
{
while (input(lin1)) {}
tecla_temp = 3;
break;
} else
if (input(lin2))
{
while (input(lin2)) {}
tecla_temp = 6;
break;
} else
if (input(lin3))
{
while (input(lin3)) {}
tecla_temp = 9;
break;
} else
if (input(lin4)) // enter
{
while (input(lin4)) {}
tecla_temp = 255;
break;
}
output_low(col3);
}
if (tecla_temp < 254)
{
tecla = tecla * 10;
tecla = tecla + tecla_temp;
}
if (tecla_temp == 255)
{
while (input(lin4)){};
if (tecla == 0) tecla = 255; else tecla = tecla;
return tecla;
}
if (tecla_temp == 254)
{
tecla = 254;
return tecla;
}
if (y == 1) printf(lcd_escreve,"%u",tecla_temp);
goto ler;
}
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PCM programmer
Joined: 06 Sep 2003
Posts: 21708
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| Posted: Mon Oct 12, 2009 2:12 pm |
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| Quote: | | when you step into the proto-board, the trouble starts. |
Describe the trouble. |
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Andask
Joined: 24 Apr 2009
Posts: 10
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| Posted: Mon Oct 12, 2009 2:16 pm |
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The display flashes the figures "254" and "255", it would be normal even if I had pressed any key, but this occurs even with the keyboard off.
And when the keyboard was on, and I came in with some key value, typing for example "7" + "enter", the display shows something like "7777474547 ".... |
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PCM programmer
Joined: 06 Sep 2003
Posts: 21708
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| Posted: Mon Oct 12, 2009 6:20 pm |
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| Quote: |
#define lin3 pin_b6
#define lin4 pin_b7
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Pins B6 and B7 are used by the ICD debugger/programmer and you
have your keypad connected to these pins.
You must remove the ICD connector from the board before running
the program. |
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Andask
Joined: 24 Apr 2009
Posts: 10
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| Posted: Mon Oct 12, 2009 6:36 pm |
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Hmmm.. Right..
The ICD are not connected when I run the program. |
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PCM programmer
Joined: 06 Sep 2003
Posts: 21708
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| Posted: Mon Oct 12, 2009 6:39 pm |
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| Do you have pull-up resistors on the Row pins ? (You can use 10K ohms) |
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Andask
Joined: 24 Apr 2009
Posts: 10
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| Posted: Mon Oct 12, 2009 6:40 pm |
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I've tried this, the problems still alive.. xD
But I don't remember the value of the resistors, I think it was 4.7K..
I can try with 10K ohms tomorrow... |
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PCM programmer
Joined: 06 Sep 2003
Posts: 21708
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| Posted: Mon Oct 12, 2009 6:43 pm |
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My advice is to use the Flex lcd driver and the Flex keypad driver
from the CCS code library. |
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Andask
Joined: 24 Apr 2009
Posts: 10
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| Posted: Mon Oct 12, 2009 6:50 pm |
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Hmm..
I will try it tomorrow.
Do you think can have something wrong in "my' libs? hm.  |
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Andask
Joined: 24 Apr 2009
Posts: 10
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| Posted: Tue Oct 13, 2009 10:32 am |
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Hmm. ok.
I've tried with this, flex_lcd.c and kbd.c.
I din't found the flex_kbd.c só I used the kcd.c provided by the CCS installer.
I have any success too.
Take a look in the simulation:
| Code: |
#fuses XT,NOWDT,PUT,NOBROWNOUT,NOLVP
#use delay(clock=4000000)
#include "flex_lcd.c"
#include <kbd.c>
void main()
{
unsigned int c;
lcd_init();
kbd_init();
while(TRUE)
{
c = kbd_getc();
lcd_putc(c);
lcd_putc("??");
}
}
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| Code: |
// flex_lcd.c
#define LCD_DB4 PIN_D4
#define LCD_DB5 PIN_D5
#define LCD_DB6 PIN_D6
#define LCD_DB7 PIN_D7
#define LCD_E PIN_D0
#define LCD_RS PIN_D1
#define LCD_RW PIN_D2
// If you only want a 6-pin interface to your LCD, then
// connect the R/W pin on the LCD to ground, and comment
// out the following line.
#define USE_LCD_RW 1
|
Flex driver:
http://www.ccsinfo.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=24661
| Code: |
//// Generic keypad scan driver ////
//// ////
//// kbd_init() Must be called before any other function. ////
//// ////
//// c = kbd_getc(c) Will return a key value if pressed or /0 if not ////
//// This function should be called frequently so as ////
//// not to miss a key press. ////
//// ////
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//// (C) Copyright 1996,2003 Custom Computer Services ////
|
keypad driver:
| Quote: | | c:\program files\picc\drivers\kbd.c |
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PCM programmer
Joined: 06 Sep 2003
Posts: 21708
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| Posted: Tue Oct 13, 2009 10:39 am |
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| Quote: | void main()
{
unsigned int c;
lcd_init();
kbd_init();
while(TRUE)
{
c = kbd_getc();
lcd_putc(c);
lcd_putc("??");
}
} |
You are not using the CCS keypad driver correctly. It has to be polled
continuosly. Look in this example file to see how to do it:
| Quote: | | c:\program files\picc\examples\ex_lcdkb.c |
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Andask
Joined: 24 Apr 2009
Posts: 10
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| Posted: Tue Oct 13, 2009 1:00 pm |
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I checked that error, now my code is looking like this:
| Code: | #include <16f877a.h>
#fuses XT,NOWDT,PUT,NOBROWNOUT,NOLVP
#use delay(clock=4000000)
#include "flex_lcd.c"
#include <kbd.c>
void main()
{
char c;
lcd_init();
kbd_init();
while(TRUE)
{
c=kbd_getc();
if(c!=0)
if(c=='*')
lcd_putc('\f');
else
lcd_putc(c);
}
} |
What occur now is... (In the breadboard)
1) The first column do not work, any button....
2) Sometimes when I press a button, like '5' the LCD show me '55' or '555'....
With a voltmeter I check the voltage of the 3 column's pins and I got this:
Col 1 = 0,13 V
Col 2 = 0,50 V
Col 3 = 0,50 V
The schematic I'm using in the breadboard is this.
 |
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PCM programmer
Joined: 06 Sep 2003
Posts: 21708
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| Posted: Tue Oct 13, 2009 1:16 pm |
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| Quote: | What occur now is... (In the breadboard)
1) The first column do not work, any button.... |
Look for a wiring error. Maybe you connected it to the wrong pin,
or maybe there is a solder short. |
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Andask
Joined: 24 Apr 2009
Posts: 10
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| Posted: Tue Oct 13, 2009 3:11 pm |
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| I check the voltage directly in the pin.. x) |
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PCM programmer
Joined: 06 Sep 2003
Posts: 21708
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| Posted: Tue Oct 13, 2009 3:28 pm |
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Most of these problems are caused by a bad connection.
Sometimes the threads go on for several pages and in the end,
the person finds a bad connection.
I can't help any more on this. You must work to find the problem. |
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