A #DEVICE

[bharatwalia]

Hi i am getting the following error during compilation :-
Error 128 "lcd.c" Line 45(1,17): A #DEVICE required before this line


// lcd.c

// These are randomly assigned pins, used to test
// that the driver can work with any arrangement
// of i/o pins.
/*
#define LCD_DB4 PIN_D4
#define LCD_DB5 PIN_B1
#define LCD_DB6 PIN_C0
#define LCD_DB7 PIN_E0

#define LCD_RS PIN_E2
#define LCD_RW PIN_B2
#define LCD_E PIN_D6
*/

#define LCD_DB4 PIN_B4
#define LCD_DB5 PIN_B5
#define LCD_DB6 PIN_B6
#define LCD_DB7 PIN_B7

#define LCD_RS PIN_B0
#define LCD_RW PIN_B1
#define LCD_E PIN_B2


// If you want to use a 6-pin interface for your LCD, then
// connect the R/W pin on the LCD to ground and comment
// out the following line. A 6-pin interface to the LCD
// is used if only have a few free i/o pins available on
// your PIC, and you want to use the smallest possible
// number of pins for the LCD.
#define USE_LCD_RW 1

//========================================
// Use "2 lines" as the lcd type for the 16x1 LCD.
// The LCD is the same as an 8x2 LCD, but with the
// bottom line appended on the right side of the first line.
#define LCD_TYPE 2 // 0=5x7, 1=5x10, 2=2 lines
#define LCD_2ND_HALF_ADDRESS 0x40

#define LCD_WIDTH 16
#define LCD_HALF_WIDTH (LCD_WIDTH/2)

int8 const LCD_INIT_STRING[4] =
{
0x20 | (LCD_TYPE << 2), // Func set: 4-bit, 2 lines, 5x8 dots
0xc, // Display on
1, // Clear display
6 // Increment cursor
};

int8 lcd_xcoord;


//-------------------------------------
void lcd_send_nibble(int8 nibble)
{
// Note: !! converts an integer expression
// to a boolean (1 or 0).
output_bit(LCD_DB4, !!(nibble & 1));
output_bit(LCD_DB5, !!(nibble & 2));
output_bit(LCD_DB6, !!(nibble & 4));
output_bit(LCD_DB7, !!(nibble & 8));

delay_cycles(1);
output_high(LCD_E);
delay_us(2);
output_low(LCD_E);
}

//-----------------------------------
// This sub-routine is only called by lcd_read_byte().
// It's not a stand-alone routine. For example, the
// R/W signal is set high by lcd_read_byte() before
// this routine is called.

#ifdef USE_LCD_RW
int8 lcd_read_nibble(void)
{
int8 retval;
// Create bit variables so that we can easily set
// individual bits in the retval variable.
#bit retval_0 = retval.0
#bit retval_1 = retval.1
#bit retval_2 = retval.2
#bit retval_3 = retval.3

retval = 0;

output_high(LCD_E);
delay_us(1);

retval_0 = input(LCD_DB4);
retval_1 = input(LCD_DB5);
retval_2 = input(LCD_DB6);
retval_3 = input(LCD_DB7);

output_low(LCD_E);
delay_us(1);

return(retval);
}
#endif

//---------------------------------------
// Read a byte from the LCD and return it.

#ifdef USE_LCD_RW
int8 lcd_read_byte(void)
{
int8 low;
int8 high;

output_high(LCD_RW);
delay_cycles(1);

high = lcd_read_nibble();

low = lcd_read_nibble();

return((high << 4) | low);
}
#endif

//----------------------------------------
// Send a byte to the LCD.
void lcd_send_byte(int8 address, int8 n)
{
output_low(LCD_RS);

#ifdef USE_LCD_RW
while(bit_test(lcd_read_byte(), 7)) ;
#else
delay_us(60);
#endif

if(address)
output_high(LCD_RS);
else
output_low(LCD_RS);

delay_cycles(1);

#ifdef USE_LCD_RW
output_low(LCD_RW);
delay_cycles(1);
#endif

output_low(LCD_E);

lcd_send_nibble(n >> 4);
lcd_send_nibble(n & 0xf);
}

//----------------------------
void lcd_init(void)
{
int8 i;

output_low(LCD_RS);

#ifdef USE_LCD_RW
output_low(LCD_RW);
#endif

output_low(LCD_E);

// Some LCDs require 15 ms minimum delay after
// power-up. Others require 30 ms. I'm going
// to set it to 35 ms, so it should work with
// all of them.
delay_ms(35);

for(i=0 ;i < 3; i++)
{
lcd_send_nibble(0x03);
delay_ms(5);
}

lcd_send_nibble(0x02);

for(i=0; i < sizeof(LCD_INIT_STRING); i++)
{
lcd_send_byte(0, LCD_INIT_STRING[i]);

// If the R/W signal is not used, then
// the busy bit can't be polled. One of
// the init commands takes longer than
// the hard-coded delay of 60 us, so in
// that case, lets just do a 5 ms delay
// after all four of them.
#ifndef USE_LCD_RW
delay_ms(5);
#endif
}

lcd_xcoord = 1;
}

//----------------------------
// The x-coordinate can be 1 to 16.
// The y coordinate is ignored.
// This x,y interface is kept in order to be
// consistent with other CCS LCD drivers.
void lcd_gotoxy(int8 x, int8 y)
{
int8 address;

// Update the global x-coordinate variable with the
// current x coordinate.
lcd_xcoord = x;

// Convert the x-coordinate from CCS format (1-16) to
// the 0-15 format used by the LCD hardware.
address = x - 1;

// If the x-coordinate is within the 2nd half of the
// LCD line, the address must be adjusted because
// of the special architecture of the 8x2 LCD.
if(address >= LCD_HALF_WIDTH)
{
address += (LCD_2ND_HALF_ADDRESS - LCD_HALF_WIDTH);
}

lcd_send_byte(0, 0x80 | address);
}


//-----------------------------
void lcd_putc(char c)
{
switch(c)
{
case '\f':
lcd_send_byte(0,1);
delay_ms(2);
lcd_xcoord = 1;
break;

case '\n':
lcd_gotoxy(1,1); // Goto start of line 1
break;

case '\b':
lcd_send_byte(0, 0x10);
lcd_xcoord--;
if(lcd_xcoord == LCD_HALF_WIDTH)
lcd_gotoxy(LCD_HALF_WIDTH, 1);
break;

default:
lcd_send_byte(1, c);
lcd_xcoord++;
if(lcd_xcoord == (LCD_HALF_WIDTH +1))
lcd_gotoxy(LCD_HALF_WIDTH +1, 1);
break;
}
}

//------------------------------
#ifdef USE_LCD_RW
char lcd_getc(int8 x, int8 y)
{
char value;

lcd_gotoxy(x,y);

// Wait until busy flag is low.
while(bit_test(lcd_read_byte(),7));

output_high(LCD_RS);
value = lcd_read_byte();
output_low(lcd_RS);

return(value);
}
#endif





#include <18f2550.H>
#fuses XT, NOWDT, NOPROTECT, BROWNOUT, PUT, NOLVP
#use delay(clock=4000000)
//#use rs232(baud=9600, xmit=PIN_C6, rcv=PIN_C7, ERRORS)

#include "lcd.c"

// This macro converts the lower nibble of a byte to
// an ASCII hex character, so it can be displayed with
// lcd_putc().
#define tohex(x) (x & 0xF) < 10 ? x + '0' : x + '7'

//======================================
void main()
{
int8 i;
// This array is used in the test for lcd_gotoxy().
int8 x_array[16] =
{5,0xE,0xD,6,8,1,0xB,2,7,0xC,0,4,3,0x9,0xA,0xF};
int8 values_read[16];

// Always call lcd_init() once at the start of
// your program, before using the LCD.
lcd_init();

// First test the lcd_putc() function, and also the
// "clear screen" command '\f':
while(1)
{
printf(lcd_putc, "\f 16x1 LCD Test ");
delay_ms(3000);

printf(lcd_putc, "\fTest lcd_putc()");
delay_ms(3000);
printf(lcd_putc, "\f Hello World ");
delay_ms(1500);
printf(lcd_putc, "\fabcdefghijklmnop");
delay_ms(1500);
printf(lcd_putc, "\f0123456789ABCDEF");
delay_ms(1500);
printf(lcd_putc, "\f!@#$^&*(){}[]:;<");
delay_ms(2500);


// Test the backspace command.
// Do a destructive backspace by moving the cursor
// onto the previous character, overwriting it with
// a space, and then moving the cursor back onto the
// now erased location.
printf(lcd_putc, "\fTest Backspacing");
delay_ms(1000);

// Backspace over the line.
for(i = 0; i < 16; i++)
{
printf(lcd_putc, "\b \b");
delay_ms(400);
}

delay_ms(1500);


// Test that the lcd_gotoxy() function works OK.
// Go to each x-coordinate in a semi-random order,
// and write a character at each position. The x-coords
// are taken from an array declared at the start of main().
printf(lcd_putc, "\fTest lcd_gotoxy");
delay_ms(1500);
printf(lcd_putc, "\frandomly:");
delay_ms(1500);

printf(lcd_putc, "\f");

for(i = 0; i < 16; i++)
{
lcd_gotoxy(x_array[i] +1, 1);
printf(lcd_putc, "%c", tohex(x_array[i]));
delay_ms(500);
}

delay_ms(2000);

// Test the ability to read characters from the LCD.
// Read the character that was written in each position
// in the test above, and display it.
//
// Note:
// The following test can only be done if the driver
// can read from the LCD. If the RW pin is not used,
// the LCD is in write-only mode, and we can't do
// this test. In that case, it won't be compiled.
/*#ifdef USE_LCD_RW

for(i = 0; i < 16; i++)
values_read[i] = lcd_getc(i+1, 1);

printf(lcd_putc, "\fTest reading");
delay_ms(2000);
printf(lcd_putc, "\fRead these bytes");
delay_ms(2000);

lcd_putc('\f');

for(i = 0; i < 16; i++)
{
printf(lcd_putc, "%c", (values_read[i]));
delay_ms(400);
}

delay_ms(2000);
#endif

// Tell the user that the tests are finished.
printf(lcd_putc, "\f All Tests Done ");
delay_ms(3000);
*/}

}

[andyfraser]

The error message says is all !
Prior to including lcd.c in you must define which device you are targetting.
This is typically done by including the appropriate .h file for the processor in your main source file.

Andy

[ckielstra]

The #device statement should be one of the first statements in your program and is present in the device include file.
You have included 18f2550.H, but is this the original file or did you edit it?

What is your compiler version number?

Two hints for your next post:
1) When posting code use the 'code' buttons. This preserves formatting of your code and makes for easier reading.
2) Post only short, but complete, programs of maximum 50 lines.
Applying these rules will get you more and faster responses.

[Guest]

i didn't edited the file my compiler version is 4.3.0.225

[Ttelmah]

That is not the version number. Look in the .lst file generated,it is in the top line. The version number, is just one digit, decimal, three digits. So (for example), 4.071.

Now, it is difficult (impossible....), to actually interpret what is in your files.
As has already been said, use the 'code' buttons, and post like this:

In myprog.c:

[Guest]

[Guest]

compiler version is 4.084

[dyeatman]

As you posted it the code would not compile due to a missing LCD_RW definition in LCD.C
(I uncommented your #define LCD_RW PIN_B1 right before #define LCD_E PIN_B0 in your code).

After uncommenting that one line it compiles as you posted it with no problems in 4.081 ( the latest version I have).

Is it possible you have different version of LCD.C in the same directory that is confusing the compiler?
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[PCM programmer]

Read the explanation near the end of this thread:
http://www.ccsinfo.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=34370

[Guest]

Thanks,it worked